I/1
EARLY SUMERIAN 3000 BC - 2334 BC & THE “GREAT REVOLT” CIRCA 2250 BC
I/2
EARLY EGYPTIAN 3000 BC - 1541 BC
I/3
NUBIAN 3000 BC - 1480 BC
I/4
ZAGROS & ANATOLIAN HIGHLAND 3000 BC - 950 BC
I/5
EARLY SUSIANA & ELAM 3000 BC - 800 BC
I/6
EARLY BEDOUIN 3000 BC - 312 BC
I/7
EARLY LIBYAN 3000 BC - 70 AD
I/8
MAKKAN, DILMUN, SABA, MA’IN & QATABAN 2800 BC - 312 BC
I/9
EARLY SYRIAN 2700 BC - 2200 BC
I/10
MELUKHKHAN & PRE-VEDIC INDIAN 2700 BC - 1500 BC
I/11
AKKADIAN 2334 BC - 2193 BC & THIRD DYNASTY OF UR 2112 BC - 2004 BC
I/12
SUMERIAN SUCCESSOR STATES 2028 BC - 1460 BC
I/13
HSIA & SHANG CHINESE 2000 BC - 1017 BC
I/14
EARLY NORTHERN BARBARIANS 2000 BC - 315 BC
I/15
LATER AMORITE 1894 BC - 1595 BC
I/16
HITTITE OLD & MIDDLE KINGDOM 1680 BC - 1380 BC
I/17
HYKSOS 1645 BC - 1537 BC
I/18
MINOAN & EARLY MYCENAEAN 1600 BC - 1250 BC
I/19
MITANNI 1595 BC - 1274 BC
I/20
SYRO-CANAANITE OR UGARITIC 1595 BC - 1100 BC
I/21
KASSITE BABYLONIAN & LATER BABYLONIAN 1595 BC - 747 BC
I/22
NEW-KINGDOM EGYPTIAN 1543 BC - 1069 BC
I/23
VEDIC INDIAN 1500 BC - 501 BC
I/24
HITTITE EMPIRE 1380 BC - 1180 BC
I/25
MIDDLE-ASSYRIAN & EARLY NEO-ASSYRIAN 1365 BC - 745 BC
I/26
LATER MYCENAEAN & TROJAN WAR 1250 BC - 1190 BC
I/27
EARLY HEBREW circa 1250 BC - 1000 BC
I/28
SEA PEOPLES 1208 BC - 1176 BC
I/29
PHILISTINE 1166 BC - 600 BC
I/30
DARK-AGE & GEOMETRIC GREEK 1160 BC - 650 BC
I/31
NEO-HITTITE & LATER ARAMAEAN 1100 BC - 710 BC
I/32
WESTERN CHOU & “SPRING & AUTUMN” CHINESE 1100 BC - 480 BC
I/33
VILLANOVAN ITALIAN 1000 BC - 650 BC
I/34
LATER HEBREW 1000 BC - 586 BC
I/35
CYPRIOT & PHOENICIAN 1000 BC - 332 BC
I/36
ITALIAN HILL TRIBES 1000 BC - 124 BC
I/37
MANNAIAN & OTHER TAURUS & ZAGROS HIGHLANDERS 950 BC - 610 BC
I/38
LIBYAN EGYPTIAN 946 BC - 712 BC
I/39
URARTIAN 880 BC - 585 BC
I/40
PHRYGIAN 851 BC - 676 BC
I/41
MEDES, ZIRKIRTU, ANDIA & PARSUA 835 BC - 550 BC
I/42
NEO-ELAMITE 800 BC - 639 BC
I/43
KIMMERIAN, SKYTHIAN & EARLY HU 750 BC - 70 AD
I/44
NEO-BABYLONIAN 746 BC - 539 BC , 522 BC - 521 BC & 482 BC
I/45
NEO-ASSYRIAN EMPIRE 745 BC - 681 BC
I/46
KUSHITE EGYPTIAN 745 BC - 593 BC
I/47
ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
I/48
THRACIAN 700 BC - 46 AD
I/49
EARLY VIETNAMESE 700 BC - 938 AD
I/50
LYDIAN 687 BC - 540 BC
I/51
LATER SARGONID ASSYRIAN 680 BC - 609 BC
I/52
EARLY HOPLITE GREEK 669 BC - 449 BC
I/53
SAITIC EGYPTIAN 664 BC - 335 BC
I/54
EARLY MACEDONIAN 650 BC - 355 BC
I/55
LATIN, EARLY ROMAN, EARLY ETRUSCAN & UMBRIAN 650 BC - 290 BC
I/56
KYRENEAN GREEK 630 BC - 74 BC
I/57
ETRUSCAN LEAGUE 600 BC - 280 BC
I/58
MEROITIC KUSHITE 592 BC - 350 AD
I/59
TULLIAN ROMAN 578 BC - 400 BC
I/60
EARLY ACHAEMENID PERSIAN 550 BC - 420 BC
I/61
EARLY CARTHAGINIAN 550 BC - 275 BC
I/62
LYKIAN 546 BC - 300 BC
I/63
PAIONIAN 512 BC - 284 BC
I/64
EARLY JAPANESE 500 BC - 500 AD
II/1
REPUBLICAN INDIAN 500 BC - 321 BC
II/2
MOUNTAIN INDIAN 500 BC - 170 BC
II/3
CLASSICAL INDIAN 500 BC - 545 AD
II/4
WARRING STATES & CH’IN CHINESE 480 BC - 202 BC
II/5
LATER HOPLITE GREEK 448 BC - 225 BC
II/6
BITHYNIAN 435 BC - 74 BC
II/7
LATER ACHAEMENID PERSIAN 420 BC - 329 BC
II/8
CAMPANIAN, APULIAN, LUCANIAN & BRUTTIAN 420 BC - 203 BC
II/9
SYRACUSAN 410 BC - 210 BC
II/10
CAMILLAN ROMAN 400 BC - 275 BC
II/11
GALLIC 400 BC - 50 BC
II/12
ALEXANDRIAN MACEDONIAN 359 BC - 319 BC
II/13
SAMNITE 355 BC - 272 BC
II/14
ARIARATHID KAPPADOKIAN 330 BC - 322 BC & 300 BC - 17 AD
II/15
ALEXANDRIAN IMPERIAL 328 BC - 321 BC
II/16
ASIATIC EARLY SUCCESSOR 320 BC - 285 BC
II/17
LYSIMACHID 320 BC - 281 BC
II/18
MACEDONIAN EARLY SUCCESSOR 320 BC - 260 BC
II/19
SELEUCID 320 BC - 64 BC
II/20
PTOLEMAIC 320 BC - 30 BC
II/21
CH’IANG & TI CHINESE 315 BC - 550 AD
II/22
ARABO-ARAMAEAN 312 BC - 240 AD
II/23
LATER PRE-ISLAMIC ARAB 312 BC - 633 AD
II/24
EARLY RHOXOLANI SARMATIAN 310 BC - 100 AD
II/25
BOSPORAN 310 BC - 107 BC & 10 BC - 375 AD
II/26
SIRACAE, IAZYGES & LATER RHOXOLANI SARMATIAN 310 BC - 375 AD
II/27
PYRRHIC 300 BC - 272 BC
II/28
EARLY ARMENIAN & GORDYENE 300 BC - 627 AD
II/29
TIEN & K’UN-MING CHINESE 295 BC - 45 AD
II/30
GALATIAN 280 BC - 25 BC
II/31
HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/32
LATER CARTHAGINIAN 275 BC - 146 BC
II/33
POLYBIAN ROMAN 275 BC - 105 BC
II/34
ATTALID PERGAMENE 263 BC - 129 BC
II/35
LATER MACEDONIAN 260 BC - 148 BC
II/36
GRAECO-BACTRIAN 250 BC - 130 BC & GRAECO-INDIAN 170 BC - 55 BC
II/37
PARTHIAN 250 BC - 225 AD
II/38
HSIUNG-NU OR JUAN-JUAN 250 BC - 555 AD
II/39
ANCIENT SPANISH 240 BC - 20 BC
II/40
NUMIDIAN & EARLY MOORISH 215 BC - 24 AD
II/41
HAN CHINESE 202 BC - 189 AD
II/42
TAMIL INDIAN & SINHALESE 175 BC - 1515 AD
II/43
MACCABEAN JEWISH 168 BC - 104 BC
II/44
COMMAGENE 163 BC - 17 AD & 38 AD - 72 AD
II/45
SICILIAN & ITALIAN SLAVE REVOLTS 135 BC - 71 BC
II/46
KUSHAN 135 BC - 477 AD
II/47
EARLY GERMAN 115 BC - 250 AD
II/48
MITHRIDATIC 110 BC - 47 BC
II/49
MARIAN ROMAN 105 BC - 25 BC
II/50
HASMONEAN JEWISH 103 BC - 63 BC
II/51
LATE JUDAEAN 63 BC - 6 AD
II/52
DACIAN 60 BC - 106 AD & CARPI 106 AD - 380 AD
II/53
ANCIENT BRITISH 55 BC - 75 AD
II/54
SCOTS-IRISH 55 BC - 841 AD
II/55
NOBADES, BLEMMYE & BEJA 30 BC - 1500 AD
II/56
EARLY IMPERIAL ROMAN 25 BC - 197 AD
II/57
LATER MOORISH 25 AD - 696 AD
II/58
ALAN 50 AD - 1500 AD
II/59
JEWISH REVOLTS 66 AD - 70 AD & 132 AD - 135 AD
II/60
CALEDONIAN 75 AD - 211 AD
II/61
HSIEN-PL T’U-YU-HUN, WU-HUAN, PRE-DYNASTIC KHITAN & HSI 90 - 1000 AD
II/62
ABYSSINIAN & HORN-OF-AFRICA 100 AD - 1529 AD
II/63
THREE KINGDOMS & WESTERN TS’IN (CHIN) CHINESE 189 AD - 316 AD
II/64
MIDDLE IMPERIAL ROMAN 193 AD - 324 AD
II/65
TERVINGI & EARLY VISIGOTHIC 200 AD - 419 AD
II/66
EARLY VANDAL 200 AD - 442 AD
II/67
GREUTHINGI, EARLY OSTROGOTHIC, HERUL, SCIRI & TAIFALI 200 AD - 493 AD
II/68
PICTISH 211 AD - 842 AD
II/69
SASSANID PERSIAN 220 AD - 651 AD
II/70
BURGUNDI & LIMIGANTES 250 AD - 539 AD
II/71
GEPID 250 AD - 566 AD
II/72
EARLY FRANKISH, ALAMANNIC, SUEVI, QUADI, RUGIAN & TURCILINGI 250 AD - 496 AD , 506 AD , 406 AD , 584 AD , 487 AD & 493 AD
II/73
OLD SAXON, FRISIAN, BAVARIAN, THURINGIAN, & EARLY-ANGLO-SAXON 250 AD - 804 AD
II/74
PALMYRAN 260 AD - 273 AD
II/75
PAEKCHE & KAYA KOREAN 300 AD - 663 AD
II/76
KOGURYO KOREAN 300 AD - 668 AD
II/77
SHILLA KOREAN 300 AD - 935 AD
II/78
LATE IMPERIAL ROMAN 307 AD - 408 AD
II/79
CHINESE NORTHERN & SOUTHERN DYNASTIES 317 AD - 589 AD
II/80
HUNNIC 356 AD - 570 AD
II/81
SUB-ROMAN BRITISH 407 AD - 1034 AD
II/82
PATRICIAN ROMAN 408 AD - 493 AD
II/83
LATER VISIGOTHIC 419 AD - 720 AD
II/84
AFRICAN VANDAL 442 AD - 535 AD
III/1
EARLY SLAV 476 AD - 1218 AD
III/2
EARLY LOMBARD 489 AD - 584 AD
III/3
ITALIAN OSTROGOTHIC 493 AD - 561 AD
III/4
EARLY BYZANTINE 493 AD - 578 AD
III/5
MIDDLE FRANKISH 496 AD - 639 AD
III/6
EMISHI 500 AD - 878 AD
III/7
PRE-SAMURAI JAPANESE 500 AD - 900 AD
III/8
CENTRAL-ASIAN CITY STATES 500 AD - 1000 AD
III/9
BURMESE 500 AD - 1526 AD
III/10
HINDU INDIAN 545 AD - 1510 AD
III/11
CENTRAL ASIAN TURKISH 550 AD - 1330 AD
III/12
CHRISTIAN NUBIAN 550 AD - 1500 AD
III/13
AVAR 553 AD - 826 AD
III/14
EARLY BULGAR 558 AD - 1018 AD
III/15
TIBETAN 560 AD - 1065 AD
III/16
KHAZAR 568 AD - 1083 AD
III/17
MAURIKIAN BYZANTINE 575 AD - 650 AD
III/18
BRETON 580 AD - 1072 AD
III/19
WELSH 580 AD - 1420 AD
III/20
SUI & EARLY T’ANG CHINESE 581 AD - 755 AD
III/21
ITALIAN LOMBARD 584 AD - 1076 AD
III/22
MAYA 600 AD - 1546 AD
III/23
KHMER & CHAM 605 AD - 1471 AD
III/24
MIDDLE ANGLO-SAXON 617 AD - 1016 AD
III/25
ARAB CONQUEST 622 AD - 660 AD & KHAWARIJ 658 AD - 873 AD
III/26
EARLY SERBIAN OR CROATIAN 627 AD - 1180 AD OR 1089 AD
III/27
RSHTUNI ARMENIAN 639 AD - 717 AD
III/28
CAROLINGIAN FRANKISH 639 AD - 888 AD
III/29
THEMATIC BYZANTINE 650 AD - 963 AD
III/30
MAGYAR 650 AD - 1003 AD
III/31
UMAYYAD ARAB 661 AD - 750 AD
III/32
VOLGA BULGAR 675 AD - 1237 AD
III/33
EARLY MUSLIM NORTH AFRICA & SICILY 696 AD - 1160 AD
III/34
ANDALUSIAN 710 AD - 1172 AD
III/35
FEUDAL SPANISH 718 AD - 1340 AD
III/36
NAN-CHAO & TA-LI 728 AD - 1382 AD
III/37
ABBASID ARAB 747 AD - 945 AD
III/38
ARAB INDIAN 751 AD - 1206 AD
III/39
LATE T’ANG & FIVE DYNASTIES CHINESE 755 AD - 979 AD
III/40
NORSE VIKING & LEIDANG 790 AD - 1280 AD
III/41
CHICHIMEC & PUEBLO CULTURES 800 AD - 1500 AD
III/42
SHA-T’O TURKISH 808 AD - 951 AD
III/43
KHURASANIAN 821 AD - 1073 AD
III/44
TRIBAL MONGOLIAN 840 AD - 1218 AD
III/45
PRE-FEUDAL SCOTS 842 AD - 1124 AD
III/46
NORSE IRISH 842 AD - 1300 AD
III/47
PECHENEG 850 AD - 1122 AD
III/48
RUS 860 AD - 1054 AD
III/49
TULUNID OR IQSHIDID EGYPTIAN 868 AD - 905 AD & 935 AD - 969 AD
III/50
ZANJJ REVOLT 869 AD - 883 AD
III/51
BAGRATID ARMENIAN 885 AD - 1045 AD
III/52
WEST FRANKISH & NORMAN 888 AD - 1072 AD
III/53
EAST FRANKISH 888 AD - 1106 AD
III/54
DYNASTIC BEDOUIN 890 AD - 1150 AD & QARAMITA 897 AD - 1078 AD
III/55
EARLY SAMURAI 900 AD - 1300 AD
III/56
KHITAN-LIAO 907 AD - 1125 AD
III/57
KORYO DYNASTY KOREAN 918 AD - 1392 AD
III/58
BUYID OR OTHER DAILAMI DYNASTIES 927 AD - 1090 AD
III/59
TOLTEC 930 AD - 1168 AD
III/60
MEDIEVAL VIETNAMESE 939 AD - 1527 AD
III/61
DYNASTIC KURDISH 950 AD - 1085 AD
III/62
SUNG CHINESE 960 AD - 1279 AD
III/63
EARLY POLISH 960 AD - 1335 AD
III/64
GHAZNAVID 962 AD - 1186 AD
III/65
NIKEPHORIAN BYZANTINE 963 AD - 1042 AD
III/66
FATIMID EGYPTIAN 969 AD - 1171 AD
III/67
HSI-HSIA 982 AD - 1227 AD
III/68
EARLY HUNGARIAN 997 AD - 1245 AD
III/69
WESTERN SUDANESE 1000 AD - 1591 AD
III/70
TUAREG 1000 AD - 1880 AD
III/71
GEORGIAN 1008 AD - 1683 AD
III/72
ANGLO-DANISH 1014 AD - 1075 AD
III/73
COMMUNAL ITALIAN 1029 AD - 1320 AD
III/74
SELJUQ TURK 1037 AD - 1276 AD
III/75
ISLAMIC BERBER 1039 AD - 1529 AD
III/76
KONSTANTINIAN BYZANTINE 1042 AD - 1073 AD
III/77
PAPAL ITALIAN 1049 AD - 1320 AD
III/78
SCOTS ISLES & HIGHLANDS 1050 AD - 1493 AD
III/79
EARLY RUSSIAN 1054 AD - 1246 AD
III/80
CUMAN (KIPCHAK) 1054 AD - 1394 AD
IV/1
KOMNENAN BYZANTINE 1071 AD - 1204 AD
IV/2
CILICIAN ARMENIAN 1071 AD - 1375 AD
IV/3
ANGLO-NORMAN 1072 AD - 1181 AD
IV/4
FEUDAL FRENCH 1072 AD - 1330 AD
IV/5
SICILIAN 1072 AD - 1266 AD & 1282 AD - 1442 AD
IV/6
SYRIAN 1092 AD - 1286 AD
IV/7
EARLY CRUSADER 1096 AD - 1128 AD
IV/8
GHURID 1100 AD - 1222 AD
IV/9
EASTERN FOREST AMERICAN CIRCA 1100 AD - 1620 AD
IV/10
BUILDER AMERICAN CIRCA 1100 AD - 1701 AD
IV/11
NORTH-WESTERN AMERICAN CIRCA 1100 AD - 1770 AD
IV/12
POLYNESIAN & MELANESIAN CIRCA 1100 AD - 1785 AD
IV/13
MEDIEVAL GERMAN 1106 AD - 1518 AD
IV/14
JURCHEN-CHIN 1114 AD - 1234 AD
IV/15
QARA-KHITAN 1124 AD - 1211 AD
IV/16
SCOTS COMMON ARMY 1124 AD - 1513 AD
IV/17
LATER CRUSADER 1128 AD - 1303 AD
IV/18
LITHUANIAN & SAMOGITIAN 1132 AD - 1515 AD
IV/19
TARASCAN, TOLTEC-CHICHIMEC & CHINANTEC 1168 AD - 1521 AD
IV/20
AYYUBID EGYPTIAN 1171 AD - 1250 AD
IV/21
ANGLO-IRISH 1172 AD - 1515 AD
IV/22
SERBIAN EMPIRE 1180 AD - 1459 AD
IV/23
FEUDAL ENGLISH 1181 AD - 1322 AD
IV/24
KHWARIZMIAN 1186 AD - 1246 AD
IV/25
LATER BULGAR 1186 AD - 1395 AD
IV/26
LUSIGNAN CYPRIOT 1192 AD - 1489 AD
IV/27
ESTONIAN 1200 AD - 1227 AD
IV/28
PRUSSIAN 1200 AD - 1283 AD
IV/29
TUPI CIRCA 1200 AD - 1601 AD
IV/30
TEUTONIC ORDERS 1201 AD - 1525 AD
IV/31
NIKAIAN BYZANTINE 1204 AD - 1261 AD
IV/32
ROMANIAN FRANK 1204 AD - 1432 AD
IV/33
EPIROT BYZANTINE 1204 AD - 1340 AD
IV/34
TRAPEZUNTINE BYZANTINE 1204 AD - 1461 AD
IV/35
MONGOL CONQUEST 1206 AD - 1266 AD
IV/36
LATER MUSLIM INDIAN 1206 AD - 1526 AD
IV/37
INDONESIAN & MALAY 1222 AD - 1511 AD
IV/38
MURCIAN & GRANADINE 1228 AD - 1492 AD
IV/39
NAVARRESE 1234 AD - 1430 AD
IV/40
SIAMESE 1234 AD - 1518 AD
IV/41
EARLY SWISS 1240 AD - 1400 AD
IV/42
ISLAMIC PERSIAN 1245 AD - 1393 AD & 1499 AD - 1520 AD
IV/43
LATER HUNGARIAN 1245 AD - 1526 AD
IV/44
POST-MONGOL RUSSIAN 1246 AD - 1533 AD
IV/45
MAMLUK EGYPTIAN 1250 AD - 1517 AD
IV/46
ILKHANID 1251 AD - 1355 AD
IV/47
GOLDEN HORDE & SUCCESSORS 1251 AD - 1556 AD
IV/48
YUAN CHINESE 1260 AD - 1368 AD
IV/49
ANATOLIAN TURKOMAN 1260 AD - 1515 AD
IV/50
PALAIOLOGAN BYZANTINE 1261 AD - 1384 AD
IV/51
MOREAN BYZANTINE 1262 AD - 1460 AD
IV/52
LATER NOMADIC MONGOL 1266 AD - 1508 AD
IV/53
MIXTEC, ZAPOTEC & WEST MEXICAN 1280 AD - 1521 AD
IV/54
MEDIEVAL SCANDINAVIAN 1280 AD - 1523 AD
IV/55
OTTOMAN 1281 AD - 1520 AD
IV/56
ORDER OF ST JOHN 1291 AD - 1522 AD
IV/57
LOW COUNTRIES 1297 AD - 1478 AD
IV/58
MEDIEVAL IRISH 1300 AD - 1515 AD
IV/59
POST-MONGOL SAMURAI 1300 AD - 1542 AD
IV/60
CATALAN COMPANY 1302 AD - 1388 AD
IV/61
ITALIAN CONDOTTA 1320 AD - 1515 AD
IV/62
100 YEAR’S WAR ENGLISH 1322 AD - 1455 AD
IV/63
AZTEC 1325 AD - 1521 AD
IV/64
MEDIEVAL FRENCH 1330 AD - 1445 AD
IV/65
WALLACHIAN & MOLDAVIAN 1330 AD - 1517 AD
IV/66
LATER POLISH 1335 AD - 1515 AD
IV/67
JALAYIRID 1336 AD - 1432 AD
IV/68
MEDIEVAL SPANISH & PORTUGUESE 1340 AD - 1515 AD
IV/69
ALBANIAN 1345 AD - 1430 AD & 1443 AD - 1479 AD
IV/70
CHANCA 1350 AD - 1440 AD AND CANARI 1350 AD - 1470 AD
IV/71
CHIMU & COASTAL PERUVIAN 1350 AD - 1490 AD
IV/72
AMAZONIAN 1350 AD - 1662 AD
IV/73
MING CHINESE 1350 AD - 1598 AD
IV/74
FREE COMPANY & ARMAGNAC 1357 AD - 1410 AD & 1444 AD
IV/75
TIMURID 1360 AD - 1506 AD
IV/76
EARLY BURGUNDIAN 1363 AD - 1471 AD
IV/77
BLACK SHEEP 1378 AD - 1469 AD & WHITE SHEEP TURKOMAN 1387 AD - 1504 AD
IV/78
YI DYNASTY KOREAN 1392 AD - 1598 AD
IV/79
LATER SWISS 1400 AD - 1522 AD
IV/80
HUSSITE 1419 AD - 1434 AD & 1464 AD - 1471 AD
IV/81
INCA 1438 AD - 1534 AD
IV/82
FRENCH ORDONNANCE 1445 AD - 1515 AD
IV/83
“WARS OF THE ROSES” & TUDOR ENGLISH 1455 AD - 1515 AD
IV/84
MAPUCHE 1461 AD - 1552 AD
IV/85
BURGUNDIAN ORDONNANCE 1471 AD - 1506 AD