The kingdom of Elam was situated in what later became the Persian provinces of Susa and Anshan and it fought against both Babylon and Assyria. Our knowledge of the Neo-Elamite army comes from Assyrian and Babylonian reliefs. Their archers are always depicted as unarmoured and shieldless, but an Assyrian source refers to “men of the bow and the shield” and to “heavily-armed archers”. The kallapani were fast light flat bed carts drawn by 2 or 4 horses or mules carrying up to 3 kneeling or sitting archers swiftly around the battlefield. The only depiction of an Elamite king shows him riding on a 4- horse kallapani cart together with one of his sons (both armed with bows) and a driver. Since it is quite practical to shoot standing or kneeling from a stationary flat bed, it is uncertain whether they ever dismounted. Horse riders rode larger horses than those of the kallapani and were armed with spear as well as bow, but had no armour or shield. Reference: Armies of the Ancient Near East N. Stillman & N. Tallis.
— Neo-Elamite Army 800 BC - 639 BC
I/21 — KASSITE BABYLONIAN & LATER BABYLONIAN 1595 BC - 747 BC
I/25 — MIDDLE-ASSYRIAN & EARLY NEO-ASSYRIAN 1365 BC - 745 BC
I/37 — MANNAIAN & OTHER TAURUS & ZAGROS HIGHLANDERS 950 BC - 610 BC
I/41 — MEDES, ZIRKIRTU, ANDIA & PARSUA 835 BC - 550 BC
I/43 — KIMMERIAN, SKYTHIAN & EARLY HU 750 BC - 70 AD
I/44 — NEO-BABYLONIAN 746 BC - 539 BC , 522 BC - 521 BC & 482 BC
I/45 — NEO-ASSYRIAN EMPIRE 745 BC - 681 BC
I/51 — LATER SARGONID ASSYRIAN 680 BC - 609 BC
I/44 — NEO-BABYLONIAN 746 BC - 539 BC , 522 BC - 521 BC & 482 BC
I/6 — EARLY BEDOUIN 3000 BC - 312 BC