II/31
HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
This list covers the period during which the mainland Greek states progressively abandoned the traditional hoplite; first for thureophoroi using the Celtic long “thureos” shield, but with some skirmishing ability, then for pike phalanxes. It ends when Greece became a Roman province. It includes the Aetolian League, Boiotia from 278 BC, the Achaian League from 251 BC, Sparta from 225 BC until 195 BC, and Elis and a number of minor states on the mainland or in western Asia Minor. Machanidas of Sparta used artillery in a field battle at Mantinea in 207 BC. Psiloi can be armed with javelins, bow or sling. Reference: Armies of the Macedonian and Punic Wars D. Head.
II/31a — Boiotian Army 278 BC - 246 BC
List: 1 x General (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 8 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/18
— MACEDONIAN EARLY SUCCESSOR 320 BC - 260 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31b — Boiotian Army 245 BC - 146 BC
List: 1 x General (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 6 x phalangites (4Pk), 2 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31c — Spartan Army 278 BC - 226 BC
List: 1 x General (Sp), 5 x citizen hoplites (Sp), 2 x perioikoi hoplites (Sp) or mercenary thureophoroi (4Ax), 1 x cavalry (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/27
— PYRRHIC 300 BC - 272 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31d — Spartan Army 225 BC - 223 BC
List: 1 x General (4Pk), 1 x phalangites (4Pk), 4 x perioikoi (Sp), 1 x cavalry (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 2 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31e — Spartan Army 222 BC - 195 BC
List: 1 x General (4Pk), 5 x phalangites (4Pk), 1 x cavalry (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 2 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 1 x psiloi (Ps), 1 x psiloi (Ps) or bolt-shooters (Art)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/35
— LATER MACEDONIAN 260 BC - 148 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31f — Achaian Army 251 BC - 208 BC
List: 1 x General (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 8 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31g — Achaian Army 207 BC - 146 BC
List: 1 x General (3Kn), 1 x light horse (LH), 6 x phalangites (4Pk), 2 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/33
— POLYBIAN ROMAN 275 BC - 105 BC
II/31h — Athenian Army 278 BC - 146 BC
List: 1 x General (3Kn), 1 x light horse (LH), 4 x hoplites (Sp), 4 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 2 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Littoral
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/31i — Eleian Army 278 BC - 146 BC
List: 1 x General (Cv), 1 x light horse (LH), 4 x hoplites (Sp), 2 x thureophoroi (4Ax), 4 x psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/33
— POLYBIAN ROMAN 275 BC - 105 BC
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/33
— POLYBIAN ROMAN 275 BC - 105 BC
II/31j — Aitolian Army 278 BC - 146 BC
List: 1 x General (LH), 1 x light horse (LH), 6 x psiloi (Ps), 4 x thureophoroi (4Ax) or psiloi (Ps)
Terrain: Hilly
Aggression: 0
I/47
— ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
II/31
— HELLENISTIC GREEK 278 BC - 146 BC
II/33
— POLYBIAN ROMAN 275 BC - 105 BC
II/35
— LATER MACEDONIAN 260 BC - 148 BC