After the military successes of the previous period, the Byzantines returned to civilian-influenced government. This list covers their armies from the military economies of Konstantinos IX until the aftermath of the disastrous battle of Manzikert in Armenia and the loss of Anatolia to the Seljuq. Normans were hired from Italy to replace klibanophoroi. The long axes associated with the Varangian guard are not attested before 1075. The Normans did not fight at Manzikert, having been detached to Khliat, but their commander Roussel de Balliol had a brief civil war career in Anatolia after the battle. The only infantry mentioned besides garrisons were Armenian levies. Lancer and heavy infantry shields were now kite-shaped. References: Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1. Heath, The Dreadful Day A. Friendly, The Byzantine Wars J. Haldon, The Lady for Ransom A. Duggan (novel).
— Konstantinian Byzantine Army 1042 AD - 1073 AD
III/21 — ITALIAN LOMBARD 584 AD - 1076 AD
III/26 — EARLY SERBIAN OR CROATIAN 627 AD - 1180 AD OR 1089 AD
III/47 — PECHENEG 850 AD - 1122 AD
III/48 — RUS 860 AD - 1054 AD
III/51 — BAGRATID ARMENIAN 885 AD - 1045 AD
III/52 — WEST FRANKISH & NORMAN 888 AD - 1072 AD
III/53 — EAST FRANKISH 888 AD - 1106 AD
III/54 — DYNASTIC BEDOUIN 890 AD - 1150 AD & QARAMITA 897 AD - 1078 AD
III/66 — FATIMID EGYPTIAN 969 AD - 1171 AD
III/68 — EARLY HUNGARIAN 997 AD - 1245 AD
III/71 — GEORGIAN 1008 AD - 1683 AD
III/74 — SELJUQ TURK 1037 AD - 1276 AD
III/76 — KONSTANTINIAN BYZANTINE 1042 AD - 1073 AD