III/76 KONSTANTINIAN BYZANTINE 1042 AD - 1073 AD

After the military successes of the previous period, the Byzantines returned to civilian-influenced government. This list covers their armies from the military economies of Konstantinos IX until the aftermath of the disastrous battle of Manzikert in Armenia and the loss of Anatolia to the Seljuq. Normans were hired from Italy to replace klibanophoroi. The long axes associated with the Varangian guard are not attested before 1075. The Normans did not fight at Manzikert, having been detached to Khliat, but their commander Roussel de Balliol had a brief civil war career in Anatolia after the battle. The only infantry mentioned besides garrisons were Armenian levies. Lancer and heavy infantry shields were now kite-shaped. References: Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1. Heath, The Dreadful Day A. Friendly, The Byzantine Wars J. Haldon, The Lady for Ransom A. Duggan (novel).

III/76 — Konstantinian Byzantine Army 1042 AD - 1073 AD

List: 1 x General (Cv) or if emperor on horse with purple caparison with Varangian escort (CP), 4 x kavallarioi (Cv), 1 x Turkish, Alan, Pecheneg or Cuman horse archers (LH), 1 x Normans (3Kn) or nomad horse archers (LH), 1 x Normans (3Kn) or kavallarioi (Cv) or archers and slingers (Ps), 2 x Armenians (Sp) or kavallarioi (Cv), 1 x kontaratoi (8Bw) or nomad horse archers (LH), 1 x rope-pull stone-throwers (Art) or kavallarioi (Cv)
Terrain: Arable
Aggression: 1
Enemies: