IV/77 BLACK SHEEP 1378 AD - 1469 AD & WHITE SHEEP TURKOMAN 1387 AD - 1504 AD

These two confederations of Turkoman and Kurdish clans were successor states to the Jalayirids. The Black Sheep “Qara- Qoyunlu” took over Azerbaijan and Iraq. The White Sheep “Aq-Qoyunlu” were initially based in eastern Anatolia, but spread to control much of Persia, overthrowing the Black Sheep in 1469. They fought successfully against the Mamiuks and the Ottomans, losing to the latter only at Orluk Beli in 1473, but eventually lost out to the Safavid Persians 1499-1504 after being weakened by civil war. Both the Sultan and his local leaders kept paid and trained cavalry. Pushan-push “armoured men” were probably those depicted with barded horses and lances, shield-bearing qullughchi “servants” and tirkash-band “quiver-bearers” the armoured horse archers mostly depicted, but some of the latter may have been traditional light horse. Reference: Armies of the Middle Ages Vol 2 1. Heath.

IV/77 — Black Sheep or White Sheep Turkoman Armies 1378 AD - 1469 AD

List: 1 x General (Cv), 2 x pushan-push (Cv), 1 x qullughchi (Cv), 3 x tirkash-ban (Cv), 2 x Turkoman horse archers (LH), 2 x archers (3/4Bw or Ps), 1 x levies (7Hd) or handgunners (Ps)
Terrain: Steppe
Aggression: 2
Enemies:
Allies: III/71 or IV/34 or IV/49 or IV/77
⚠ Unresolved allies: III/71