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KHAZAR 568 AD - 1083 AD
This list covers the army of the Khazar Khaganate. The Khazars were unusually devious even for nomads and adopted Judaism as a political ploy to counterbalance their Christian and Muslim neighbours. The Khaganate maintained a standing “Royal army” of regular ghulam-type cavalry with lance and bow from 775-965. Khazar nobles also had lance and bow, but preferred to use their lances. The army was supplemented with levies from their numerous subjects. Artillery was used in a field battle against the Arabs in 652. Reference: Armies of the Dark Ages 1. Heath.