This list covers the Roman armies from the reforms of Marius until those of Augustus. It includes the armies of Marius himself, Sulla, Lucullus, Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar. Legionaries were now long-service regulars recruited from the poor and a farm was the reward for service. All were armed with pilum and gladius and protected by bronze helmet, iron mail shirt and big oval scutum. Auxiliaries were equipped and fought in their own native styles. Cavalry were most often Spanish, Gallic or German, Javelin-armed light horse might be Spanish, Numidian, Thracian or Illyrian, horse archers could be Thracian or from Asian client rulers, skirmishing javelinmen could be Spanish caetrati, German, Numidian or Greek, auxilia could be Spanish scutati, Gauls, Illyrians, Thracians or Ligurians, slingers either Greek or Balearic, archers Cretan. References: Armies and Enemies of Imperial Rome P. Barker, Rubicon T. Holland, Winter Quarters A. Duggan (novel), Three’s Company A. Duggan (novel), Nobody loves a Centurion ].M Roberts (novel).
— Marian Roman Army 105 BC - 25 BC
I/47 — ILLYRIAN 700 BC - 10 AD
I/48 — THRACIAN 700 BC - 46 AD
I/7 — EARLY LIBYAN 3000 BC - 70 AD
II/11 — GALLIC 400 BC - 50 BC
II/14 — ARIARATHID KAPPADOKIAN 330 BC - 322 BC & 300 BC - 17 AD
II/20 — PTOLEMAIC 320 BC - 30 BC
II/23 — LATER PRE-ISLAMIC ARAB 312 BC - 633 AD
II/28 — EARLY ARMENIAN & GORDYENE 300 BC - 627 AD
II/30 — GALATIAN 280 BC - 25 BC
II/37 — PARTHIAN 250 BC - 225 AD
II/39 — ANCIENT SPANISH 240 BC - 20 BC
II/40 — NUMIDIAN & EARLY MOORISH 215 BC - 24 AD
II/44 — COMMAGENE 163 BC - 17 AD & 38 AD - 72 AD
II/45 — SICILIAN & ITALIAN SLAVE REVOLTS 135 BC - 71 BC
II/47 — EARLY GERMAN 115 BC - 250 AD
II/48 — MITHRIDATIC 110 BC - 47 BC
II/49 — MARIAN ROMAN 105 BC - 25 BC
II/51 — LATE JUDAEAN 63 BC - 6 AD
II/52 — DACIAN 60 BC - 106 AD & CARPI 106 AD - 380 AD
II/53 — ANCIENT BRITISH 55 BC - 75 AD
II/11 — GALLIC 400 BC - 50 BC
II/23 — LATER PRE-ISLAMIC ARAB 312 BC - 633 AD
II/28 — EARLY ARMENIAN & GORDYENE 300 BC - 627 AD
II/30 — GALATIAN 280 BC - 25 BC
II/40 — NUMIDIAN & EARLY MOORISH 215 BC - 24 AD
II/49 — MARIAN ROMAN 105 BC - 25 BC
II/51 — LATE JUDAEAN 63 BC - 6 AD
II/52 — DACIAN 60 BC - 106 AD & CARPI 106 AD - 380 AD
II/6 — BITHYNIAN 435 BC - 74 BC